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Case Series
1 Medical Officer, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
2 Hepatobiliary Surgeon, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
3 Consultant Hepatobiliary Surgeon, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
4 Senior Consultant Hepatobiliary Surgeon, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
Address correspondence to:
Muthu Viknesh
V304, MJC Courtyard Sanctuary, Batu Kawah New Township, Jalan Batu Kawa 93250, Kuching, Sarawak,
Malaysia
Message to Corresponding Author
Article ID: 100084Z04MV2019
Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) is a rare malignancy arising from the endocrine tissue of the pancreas. These tumors are classified based on functional (hormonal) status and malignant potential. Symptoms and signs are related to the hormonal function, tumor size, and metastatic effect. The majority are sporadic, non-functioning while insulinoma remains the most prevalent functional variety of these tumors.
Case Series: We present two cases of PNEN with different presentations and treatments; one with a resectable disease who presented as a rare case of bleeding PNEN, and the other who was unresectable due to extensive metastatic PNEN.
Conclusion: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm is a heterogeneous group of disorder with a multitude of clinical presentation. Each patient must be investigated and managed appropriately according to the treatment of choice. In keeping with the purpose of this article, we suggest a bleeding PNEN, a rare occurrence, is best managed with surgery, while unresectable metastatic PNEN would benefit from appropriate medical therapy.
Keywords: Metastasis, Pancreas, Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, Surgery
Muthu Viknesh - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Faqihuddin Bin Hisham - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Padmaan Sankaran - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Soon Kong Choon - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Nik Azim Bin Nik Abdullah - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2019 Muthu Viknesh et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.