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Research Article
Evaluation of the prevalence of anti-erythrocyte alloimmunization in 100 polytransfused patients in Lomé, Togo
1 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Campus, Lomé, Togo
2 Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires, Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
3 Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
4 Centre National de Recherche et de Soins aux Drépanocytaires, Lomé, Togo
5 Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Lomé, Togo
6 Institut National d’Assurance Maladie, Lomé, Togo
7 Unité de Recherche en Immunologie et Immunomodulation (UR2IM)/Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires (LAMICODA), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
8 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé, Togo
Address correspondence to:
Agboka S Hounogbé
CHU Campus, Lomé 30BP 30284,
Togo
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Article ID: 100080Z02AH2023
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Hounogbé AS, Magnang H, Nadjir KL, Etassoli S, Mazou B, Ameyapoh AH, Nguepou Tchopba C, Katawa G, Fétéké L, Kolou M. Evaluation of the prevalence of anti-erythrocyte alloimmunization in 100 polytransfused patients in Lomé, Togo. Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol 2023;13(2):17–27.ABSTRACT
Aims: Red blood cells transfusion exposes recipients to a risk of immunization. The phenotyping of red blood cells and the search for irregular erythrocyte antibodies ensure immuno-hematological safety of the transfused patients. In Togo, these tests are not systematic in transfusion. The aim of the study was to determine the rate of immunization against erythrocyte antigens in polytransfused patients in Lomé.
Methods: The search for irregular agglutinins was carried out by the indirect antiglobulin test in gel-filtration in 100 polytransfused patients selected at National Center for Research and Care of Sickle Cells disease and in the care units of Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé in Togo, from October 1, 2021 to April 30, 2022.
Results: The prevalence of alloimmunization was 27% with a total of 13 different alloantibodies identified. The most represented were anti-K (18.52%), anti-E (14.81%), anti-C (11.11%), anti-Jka (11.11%), and anti-M (11.11%). Alloantibodies were more frequent in A+ blood group patients and those who received more than 4 bags of packed red blood cells. There was no link between age, sex, and the pathologies involved on one hand, and the occurrence of anti-erythrocyte alloimmunization on the other.
Conclusion: The rate of immunization against erythrocyte antigens is very high in polytransfused patients in Lomé. Systematic implementation of red blood cells phenotyping and irregular erythrocyte antibodies research before and after transfusion should ensure better immunological transfusion safety in Togo.
Keywords: Alloimmunization, Irregular erythrocyte antibodies, Polytransfused, Togo
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Acknowledgments
A sincere thank you to:
- All colleagues from the Immuno
- Hematology Unit of the Laboratory Department of the Campus University Hospital;
- All staff of the National Center for Research and Care of Sickle Cell Diseases; and
- All the nurses from the different care units of the Campus University Hospital.
Agboka S Hounogbé - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Hèzouwè Magnang - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Koboyo L Nadjir - Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Santrao Etassoli - Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Bassintou Mazou - Analysis of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Adjoa Holali Ameyapoh - Analysis of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Christelle Nguepou Tchopba - Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Gnatoulma Katawa - Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Lochina Fétéké - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Maléwé Kolou - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2023 Agboka S Hounogbé et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
